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Russian boxing (Russian - Кулачный бой ''Kulachniy boy'' "fist fighting, pugilism") is the traditional bare-knuckle boxing of Russia. ==History== The earliest accounts concerning the sport date to the 13th century.〔''Russian Fist Fighting''. "Летописцы наши говорят об ней, еще в начале XIII в. (sources talked about it already at the 13th century. )"〕 Supposedly, fist fighting was practiced even prior to the Christianization of Kievan Rus', at celebrations dedicated to Perun.〔 〕 Metropolite Kiril, in 1274, created another one of many personally-instituted rules, declaring expulsion from Christianity for any of those who fist-fight and do not sing a prayer or hymn at the burial of someone who died during a fist fight. The government itself never supported, but also never opposed fist fighting.〔 Russian boyars used the sport as mass entertainment, and acquired the best fighters for competitions.〔Sakharov, Ivan P., ''Сказания русского народа'', p. 129. "Было время, когда русские бояре, собравшись повеселиться, свозили из разных городов бойцов для потешения. (was a time when Russian boyars when came together to have fun, brought from different cities fighters for fun. )"〕 The fights most often took place in holiday times and in crowded places. In winter it took place on ice. First the young children fought, then every pair was more grown up than the previous, ending with the last and most notable fist fighters.〔http://www.infosport.ru/Press/SZR/0798/topic1.htm "лишь постепенно вводились в дело все более сильные отряды. Первыми выходили ребятишки, затем подростки, юноши, неженатые парни, а уж затем - взрослые мужчины. (after a while the strongest ones were brought. The first were the kids, then teens, then lads, and only then grown up men. )〕〔Labzyuk, Sergei, "Историческая справка: кулачный бой". "Бои происходили обыкновенно в праздничные дни и при жилых местах, а зимой чаще всего на льду. Сначала пускали вперед как бы застрельщиков, мальчишек. За ними мало-по-малу группировались более взрослые, но главная партия противников оставалась в резерве, особенно известные по своей силе и искусству бойцы. (fights usually took place at holidays and in rural areas, and in winter most often on ice. First the boys were let in, and then more and more grown ups. The best fighters were kept for the end. )"〕 In two orders released in 1684 and 1686 fist fighting was forbidden, but the sport continued to live.〔''Russian Fist Fighting''. "Указами 1684 года ноября 2, 1686 года марта 19 и другими, строго воспрещались кулачные бои... Было время, что старики, воспламеняя умы молодых людей, несбыточными рассказами об удальстве бойцов, пробуждали в них страсть к кулачному бою." (With orders released in 1684, and 1686, Fist fights were forbidden... The old people, with their stories about the sport encouraged the young people to continue with it)〕 All regions had their heroes at the sport, but the region with the most famous ones historically is Tula.〔''Russian Fist Fighting''. "Тульские бойцы и ныне славятся, но каждое место имело своих удальцов." (Tulas fighters were always glorious, but every place had its heroes)〕〔Sakharov, Ivan P., ''Сказания русского народа'', p. 129. "Лучшими бойцами один на один считались тульские (best fighters in one-on-one were considered Tula's fighters. )"〕 There are documents saying Peter the Great liked to organize fist fights "in order to show the ability of the Russian people". In 1751, a mass fist fight took place on a street in Saint Petersburg, which came to the attention of Empress Elizabeth of Russia. After that the Empress forbade the organization of fist fights on the territory of Moscow and Saint Petersburg.〔 During the reign of Catherine the Great, the popularity of fist fighting was growing again,〔 and it is said that Count Orlov was a good fist fighter himself and even invited notable fist fighters to compare powers.〔 In 1832, Nicholas I of Russia completely forbade fist fights as "harmful fun".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russian boxing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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